Government OKs ¥6.5 trillion recovery program for regions hit by triple disaster
The central government approved a ¥6.5 trillion, five-year program to help areas hit by the 2011 earthquake, tsunami and nuclear disaster to recover, under a plan that will see local governments begin to shoulder part of the cost.
Local governments in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures are expected to pay about ¥22 billion. The remainder will be covered by the central government in the five-year period starting in April 2016, according to officials.
It program represents a policy shift by the central government because it has paid for all costs for reconstruction projects thus far.
The central government has cited the need to consolidate its debt-ridden finances, instead encouraging disaster-hit regions to promote reconstruction without relying too much on the state.
Under the program, local authorities are required to bear 1.0 to 3.3 percent of the costs for reconstruction work, one-tenth or less of the levels set for public works projects, the officials said.
Local authorities had demanded the state shoulder all the costs for reconstruction work, saying a fiscal burden will undermine their recovery efforts and hit financially weak municipalities.
However, the governors of the three prefectures on Monday indicated they would accept the new formula after the state reduced their share from about ¥30 billion to about ¥22 billion.
According to the officials, the program will allocate ¥3.4 trillion for rebuilding homes and communities damaged by the disaster.
Some ¥500 billion will be earmarked for reconstruction related to the nuclear disaster at Tepco’s crippled Fukushima No. 1 plant, and ¥400 billion for supporting survivors.
The state is calling the five years from April 2016 a “revival and creation period,” aiming to finish reconstruction work in Iwate and Miyagi prefectures and to speed up the reconstruction of the nuclear crisis-hit Fukushima Prefecture.
Including the ¥6.5 trillion, the total reconstruction costs for a 10-year period from the 2011 calamity will amount to ¥32 trillion.
Source : Japan Times
Seoul, Tokyo still at odds over 3/11 fish import ban
Geneva – Japan and South Korea held talks on Seoul’s import ban on Japanese fishery products in Geneva Wednesday under dispute settlement procedures of the World Trade Organization but failed to iron out their differences.
The two sides, however, agreed to continue the talks on Thursday.
The talks were arranged after Japan filed a complaint with the WTO on May 21 over the import ban.
After the meltdown of Tokyo Electric Power Co.’s Fukushima No. 1 nuclear power plant, caused by the March 2011 earthquake and tsunami, South Korea banned imports of some marine products from eight prefectures including Fukushima. In September 2013, the country expanded the ban to cover all seafood from the eight prefectures.
Japan took the matter to the world trade watchdog because South Korea did not agree to the Japanese argument that the ban lacked scientific evidence.
If the two sides remain at odds in Thursday’s talks and cannot reach an agreement by the July 20 deadline for the bilateral consultations, Japan will seek an adjudication by a dispute settlement panel.
Source : Japan Times
Shareholders pressure utilities to ditch nuclear power
Shareholders and politicians on Thursday urged the nation’s top utilities to exit nuclear power as the central government moves to restart reactors idled by public safety fears in the wake of the triple core meltdown in Fukushima Prefecture in 2011.
Despite a number of antinuclear proposals pushed at the shareholders’ meetings, however, officials from the utilities said this week they were eager to restart nuclear power plants as soon as possible after their businesses were staggered by the halt of all commercial nuclear reactors in the country after 3/11.
Nine utilities with nuclear plants, including the biggest, Tokyo Electric Power Co., which manages the meltdown-hit Fukushima No. 1 power station — held their general shareholders’ meetings at a time when a nuclear power plant in the southwest is preparing go back online this summer for the first time under tighter post-Fukushima safety requirements.
Japan, which relies heavily on imported energy, invested heavily in nuclear power for decades, making withdrawal from what some believe to be a cheaper, less-polluting power source a difficult proposition to swallow.
At Tepco’s meeting, Katsutaka Idogawa, former mayor of the town of Futaba — which has been rendered uninhabitable by radiation contamination — said pulling out of atomic power is “the only way for the company to survive.”
Tepco, as the utility is known, has “forced people who were living peacefully into a situation like hell . . . I propose that Tepco break away from nuclear power,” the mayor said. Futaba co-hosts the Fukushima No. 1 plant.
Officials from Kansai Electric Power Co., which held its shareholders meeting in Kobe for the first time in many years, faced a barrage of tough questions about nuclear power, its decision to raise prices, and its ¥148.3 billion net loss in fiscal 2014.
Kepco faced sharp criticism for hiking household rates 8.36 percent at the beginning of the month because, as it acknowledges, its 11 commercial reactors are still idle, forcing it to rely more on imported fossil fuels. That was a sore point Thursday with politicians representing cities that hold Kepco shares.
“It’s regrettable the rise in rates is putting strong pressure on people’s lifestyles. Kepco’s efforts at management efficiency are still lacking,” said Kobe Mayor Kizo Hisamoto. Kobe owns about 3 percent of Kepco’s stock.
Osaka Mayor Toru Hashimoto, one of the utility’s harshest critics, was not present Thursday but submitted a motion together with the city of Kyoto calling on Kepco to get out of nuclear power. The motion was voted down. Osaka owns about 9.4 percent of Kepco’s stock.
Kepco’s heavy losses and its plans to restart reactor Nos. 3 and 4 at the Takahama plant in Fukui Prefecture — despite a provisional injunction from the Fukui District Court in April — prompted calls from many shareholders for management, especially Chairman Shosuke Mori and President Makoto Yagi, to resign. But they and 14 other senior executives were re-elected.
“Nuclear power is part of the national energy policy, an important baseload. For reasons of energy security, economics, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, we need to restart the reactors,” Yagi said at a news conference in Osaka on Thursday afternoon.
Shareholders expressed worries about how Kepco will adjust to the full deregulation of the electricity market next year, which is expected bring new, more flexible competition for electricity service at a time when the company is financially strapped.
In Fukuoka, shareholders at Kyushu Electric Power Co., which is looking to restart its Sendai nuclear plant in Kagoshima Prefecture in August, proposed that the president be dismissed, saying his stance of continuing nuclear power has hurt earnings.
But President Michiaki Uriu told the meeting that the utility “aims to restart nuclear reactors as soon as possible on the premise that securing safety is the priority.”
Prime Minister Shinzo Abe wants to reactivate reactors that meet safety regulations beefed-up by the new nuclear regulator that was set up after the Fukushima crisis. The majority of the public, however, remains opposed.
The government plans to make nuclear energy account for 20 percent to 22 percent of the country’s total electricity supply in 2030, compared with around 30 percent before.
Source : Japan Times
Student volunteers move in with elderly 3/11 refugees in Fukushima
FUKUSHIMA – University students in Fukushima Prefecture have begun providing elderly refugees from the nuclear disaster with a unique form of assistance just by living in the same temporary housing complex where they now live.
By staying close to the seniors and associating with them across generational lines, the young volunteers hope to revitalize their communities.
The aid project was proposed by the Fukushima University Disaster Volunteer Center, which has promoted volunteer visits to temporary housing in the radiation-tainted prefecture. It was adopted by the Reconstruction Agency as a state-subsidized “mental reconstruction” project.
The project involves a temporary housing complex in the Iizaka district in the city of Fukushima where 269 people from the town of Namie, in the exclusion zone near the meltdown-hit Fukushima No. 1 power plant, have taken shelter. About 60 percent of the residents are 60 or older.
Two students will live in the complex for three months, followed by another pair each new quarter, for an entire year. The students will meet the residents and gauge how they are getting by, shop on their behalf and support the activities of the residents’ association.
Last Sunday, about 10 students helped the first two move in, cleaning their dwelling and carrying in furniture.
“Instead of working too hard to fulfill the role of a volunteer, I aim to be accepted as a resident,” Shunichi Sato, a 22-year-old Fukushima University student who volunteered. “I’m looking forward to talking with people who I’ve had few chances to get to know.”
Source : Japan Times
http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2015/06/25/national/student-volunteers-move-elderly-311-refugees-fukushima/#.VYvRf0b1CM9
Dismantling of Contaminated Water Tanks in Fukushima Daiichi
TEPCO explains how they will go about taking down the many bolt together tanks at the disaster site, to be replaced with welded tanks in what is becoming a crowded patch of land on the plant grounds.
Example drawing of the tank preparation process including an air filtration system
and the spraying of dust inhibitor s prior to disassembly
Interior of a drained tank with sprayer installed
Tank with plastic tarp roof
Partially disassembled tank portion
Tank before final sludge draining
Drained tank before removal
Building where tank sections will be cut down
Transport of tank sections for cutting
Band saws for cutting down tank sections
Inside saw system
HEPA dust system installed on the saw.
Tepco says the remaining scrap will be loaded into steel containers and will be stored on site.
Source: Tepco
Top nuclear expert says reactor training lacking
Japan’s nuclear regulators have come up with a revised plan to provide emergency medical care to residents after accidents at nuclear power plants. The government has until now helped set up hospitals near nuclear plants to treat small numbers of workers exposed to radiation in accidents.
But in the 2011 nuclear disaster at the Fukushima Daiichi plant, local medical facilities were unable to adequately treat the many residents thought to have been exposed to radiation. At their meeting in Tokyo on Wednesday, the NRA, presented a draft of revised guidelines for creating a network of medical facilities. The plan proposes that prefectures within 30 kilometers of plants designate 1 to 3 hospitals as base facilities to deal with nuclear disasters.
The hospitals are to have teams of experts treat patients after accidents and go to other prefectures where nuclear accidents occur.
The draft also calls for designating hospitals and other facilities within around 30 kilometers of nuclear plants as “cooperating organizations.” The facilities would check evacuees for exposure to radiation and treat the injured and sick. The NRA is to decide on the revised guidelines after soliciting opinions from the public for 30 days from Thursday.
The top official of a group of nuclear energy experts says the Fukushima Daiichi accident has made it difficult for Japan to properly train enough nuclear specialists.
Hiroshi Uetsuka, the new president of the Atomic Energy Society of Japan, told reporters on Wednesday that every research reactor housed at universities and other institutes across Japan is idled.
Uetsuka said the operators of those institutes are unable to meet regulations that were revised following the nuclear accident. He said the budgets and staff for the research reactors have been cut.
The president called the situation very serious because of the challenges that both decommissioning and restarting reactors present.
He said his society will put together proposals to address the problem.
Uetsuka said the cause of the Fukushima Daiichi accident is well understood, but investigations have yet to determine what exactly is going on inside the reactors.
Uetsuka said the society will continue to study the accident. He said its members, along with officials of the Nuclear Regulation Authority and power companies, will discuss how to apply their findings to reactor regulations.
Source : NHK
http://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/english/news/20150624_35.html
LDP Pushes Evacuees to Return to Fukushima
In 2013, two years after the disaster, Japan’s permanent radiation-exclusion zones were unveiled in the Japanese media.
The Japanese government identified areas measuring between 20 and 50 millisieverts a year as suitable for restricted living (visitation but not yet permanent inhabitations).
Areas measuring fewer than 20 millisieverts a year of annual exposure were designated as habitable zones and preparations were made for lifting evacuation orders in these areas (“About 60 Percent,” 2013.)
In effect, Japan increased its national exposure level from one, to up to 20 millisieverts a year, while allowing partial habitation in areas with up to 50 millisieverts. In comparison, the Soviets set the Chernobyl exclusion zone at five millisieverts a year “Japan Groups Alarmed,” 2011. This elevated level applied for children as well as adults.
In November 2013, Japan announced it was changing its method of atmospheric monitoring to an individualized badge system. According to a November 9, 2013 report from The Asahi Shimbun, the badges underestimated exposure levels by seven times when compared to the atmospheric monitoring technique that had previously been deployed by aircraft “Lower Radiation Readings,” 2013. This change essentially increases permissible exposure levels.
Source : Majia’s Blog
http://majiasblog.blogspot.com.au/2015/06/ldp-pushes-evacuees-to-return-to.html?m=1
Old problems and new problems plague Fukushima
As June wanes we find more delays, more problems and new admissions about the extent of the disaster.
TEPCO introduced a new roadmap plan. At the same time they announced that spent fuel removal work for units 1-3 would be delayed again. Currently they are attempting to remove the cover on unit 1 but this process has not actually begun based on visual evidence at the plant. Work at unit 3 had been underway in early spring to remove parts of the crane that fell into the fuel pool. An oil leak was found as they attempted to remove a portion of the crane. Around the same time they discovered damage to the metal gate that connects the spent fuel pool to the reactor well. After this discovery, removal work at unit 3 appeared to cease.
Newer reports also showed that the earlier concept of flooding the reactor containments to remove damaged fuel debris is being phased out. This will require research to be focused on ways to remove fuel without doing so under water. Something that has not been done is to drill under the reactor buildings to check for fuel debris that may have burned through the basement of the reactor buildings. At this point the melted fuel at units 1-3 has not been located. Delays in investigation efforts and denial of the potential extent of the damage will only drive up costs and create years of additional delay.
Bags of contaminated soil stored at sites around Japan and in Fukushima prefecture have began to fail. It was not mentioned how they would remediate the damaged bags or what precautions would be used to prevent bags from failing during the transportation process. Contaminated soil is to be moved to two new storage facilities near Fukushima Daiichi.
The government has decided to allow businesses back into the evacuation zone. Nahara is also a location where reactor debris was discovered. A group of shareholders seeking to hold TEPCO accountable for the nuclear disaster uncovered a 2008 document where TEPCO admits the tsunami risk and that something must be done. Somehow after that 2008 report was discussed by TEPCO executives they managed to bury the document and do nothing to prevent what happened in 2011.
In a recent Mainichi interview, new details of the chaotic evacuations during the nuclear disaster were revealed. Officials raised the contamination level where they would attempt to decontaminate someone from 13,000 CPM to 100,000 CPM. All parties acknowledged that removing people from the unsafe areas was a larger priority than decontaminating them.
Sources :
Fukushima finds 16 new cases of thyroid cancer in young people
http://ajw.asahi.com/article/0311disaster/fukushima/AJ201505190041
Fukushima Thyroid Examination May 2015: 103 Thyroid Cancer Cases Confirmed, 5 in the Second-Round Screening
http://fukushimavoice-eng2.blogspot.fr/2015/05/fukushima-thyroid-examination-may-2015.html
EDITORIAL: No more half-baked plans for decommissioning Fukushima reactors
http://ajw.asahi.com/article/views/editorial/AJ201506170050
Bags of contaminated soil damaged at storage sites
http://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/english/news/20150617_06.html
Govt. to allow businesses in evacuation zones
http://www.fukushima-is-still-news.com/2015/06/business-in-evacuation-zones.html
Document shows TEPCO recognized risk of huge tsunami at Fukushima plant in 2008
http://ajw.asahi.com/article/0311disaster/fukushima/AJ201506180062
Protecting nuclear disaster evacuees from radiation still a concern
http://mainichi.jp/english/english/newsselect/news/20150621p2a00m0na010000c.html
TEPCO finds problems with hoses at Daiichi plant
The operator of the disabled Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant says most of the facility’s other hoses like the one that developed a leak last month need repair or replacement.
The leak from a cracked hose in late May sent highly contaminated water into the plant’s port, sending radioactivity in the seawater there to the highest level since observations began 2 years ago.
Plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company believes the crack in the hose was caused by stress from excessive bending. It has checked 159 hoses of the same type at the site, and found that 139 — or nearly 90 percent — are also being used in an incorrect manner.
Some are similarly bent beyond the permissible level set by the maker, or have not been coated with material to protect them from damage.
TEPCO says all the hoses that need improvement carry relatively low-level radioactive water, including rainwater tainted at the site. The utility plans to speed up work to replace the hoses with a more durable type. It will also shorten the length of hoses used to carry contaminated water to reduce the risk of leakage.
Source: NHK
http://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/english/news/20150623_21.html
Japan Contaminated Food: Charges In Taiwan, Japan Asks China To Ease Restrictions
Two men have been charged in Taiwan related to the importing of banned foods from Japan. Authorities in Taiwan have asked Japan to investigate the crime on their end, so far they have received no response.
At the same time Japan is being uncooperative with Taiwan, they are asking China to ease food import restrictions. Japan recently took South Korea to the WTO in an attempt to force them to remove restrictions on suspect food imports. So far there has been no indication Japan intends to do the same to China.
The higher restrictions in place in China have created an additional problem for Japan. If they are able to comply with China’s stringent documentation requirements they have little ability to claim less onerous documentation rules in other countries are too difficult to meet. ipei Times
Sources:
Taipei Times
http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2015/06/18/2003620995
South China Morning Post
Japan asks China to ease food import restrictions introduced after Fukushima nuclear disaster
China banned imports of food produced in 10 prefectures in Japan including Miyagi, Nagano and Fukushima following the crisis
A Japanese farm ministry official met a senior Chinese official in charge of food inspection on Friday to request the easing of restrictions on food imports introduced after the Fukushima nuclear disaster in 2011, sources said.
A director general at the Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries used the meeting in Beijing to stress the safety of Japanese food, the sources said.
China banned imports of food produced in 10 prefectures in Japan including Miyagi, Nagano and Fukushima following the nuclear crisis.
The beginning of such talks reflects an improvement in relations between the two biggest Asian economies.
Ties had deteriorated after the Japanese government bought a major part of the Japanese-administered Diaoyu Islands – known as Senkaku in Japan – in the East China Sea, from a private Japanese owner in 2012. The islands are claimed by China.
Both countries’ leaders have met twice since November, indicating a thaw in their tense relations.
The sale and use of Japanese food products has dropped sharply at department stores, supermarkets and restaurants in China since the import ban went into effect.
But potential demand remains strong for such products.
The two countries are expected to set up another meeting of higher-ranking officials.
In another development, Beijing is set to hold a press conference on the arrangements for a grand military parade to commemorate the 70th anniversary of the end of second world war, another grievance between the two nations.
Qu Rui, deputy director of the Military Parade Leading Group, is scheduled to attend the press conference.
The parade, to be held in September, is seen as an attempt by Beijing to exert pressure on Japan over wartime disputes.
But Beijing has said the parade is not targeted at any particular country.
China has said it will invite leaders of other nations to attend the parade.
Russian President Vladimir Putin is expected to be a guest, but it is not known if Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe will be invited.
Source: South China Morning Post
Fukushima Offshore Earthquake Reminder – M 4.3 & M 4.5; F. Nuclear Reactors Still Spewing Radiation into Air and Water
Update: A second earthquake occurred in the same area, after this post was published.
Unknown quantities of radioactive waste water are being dumped into the Pacific, even while lots is being stored on site as can be seen in images further down.
TEPCO admits to still be spewing radioactive materials into the air, over four years on. If you multiply the amount of Cesium which they admit to releasing per hour into the air for April 2015 times 24 hours and times 12 months it is 56,334 times more Cesium than the US’s largest single nuclear reactor, Grand Gulf, emits into the air in one year, and 59.6 times what the notorious Sellafield emits into the air in one year. TEPCO has released at a higher rate per hour and is allowed to release at a still much higher rate into the air. It was, indeed, TEPCO and others, saying how many tonnes of radioactive water that TEPCO could legally dump, which taught us that there was such a thing as legally dumping radioactive materials into the air and water by all nuclear power stations-facilities. North America is downwind…
TEPCO investigating water leak at Fukushima plant
Officials in charge of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant say around 20 liters of highly radioactive water leaked from equipment used to treat tainted rainwater. But they say the incident poses no danger to the outside environment.
Tokyo Electric Power Company officials say the leak came to light when an alarm went off around 9 AM on Saturday. Workers found water was coming out of a joint in a pipe.
TEPCO says all of the water fell into a receptacle below the equipment.
The utility says the water contained about 24,000 becquerels per liter of beta-ray emitting substances, a very high amount.
TEPCO officials say a valve that should have been open was closed, and they believe this raised pressure in the pipes and caused the leak.
The utility is investigating to see if there was any error on the part of workers.
Source: NHK
http://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/english/news/20150621_01.html
Protecting nuclear disaster evacuees from radiation still a concern
As prefectures and municipalities that host or border nuclear plants upgrade their regional disaster prevention plans based on the nuclear disaster response guidelines for citizen evacuation protocols announced by the Nuclear Regulation Authority (NRA) in April, the problem of how to measure and prevent radiation exposure among evacuees continues to loom large.
“Reactor No. 1 (at the Fukushima No. 1 Nuclear Power Plant) had exploded, and the inside of the offsite center (which was established as the disaster response base of operations within Fukushima Prefecture) also had high radiation levels. The figures for the screenings we were conducting into whether or not residents had been exposed to radiation were raised immediately afterward.”
So recalls Tsuyoshi Ebine, 62, chief councilor in charge of nuclear power measures with the Nagasaki Prefectural Government. He was working for the secretariat of the Cabinet Office’s Nuclear Safety Commission at the time the nuclear accident occurred, and headed shortly thereafter to the town of Okuma in Fukushima Prefecture to begin engaging in disaster response measures at the offsite center amidst the unfolding chaos.
According to the Fukushima Prefectural Government and other bodies, standards that were in place prior to the nuclear accident held that decontamination procedures should be performed on anyone for whom radiation levels measured near the skin stood above 13,000 counts per minute (cpm). In the case of a one year-old child who had inhaled radioactive substances, this would be equivalent to the thyroid gland being exposed to 100 millisieverts of radiation. (The permissible level of radiation exposure for the average adult is one millisievert per year.)
Following the hydrogen explosion at the No. 1 reactor at the Fukushima plant, however, which took place on March 12, 2011 — dispersing enormous amounts of radioactive materials — screening centers for local evacuees were thrown into a state of total confusion. Escaping to safety became the top priority, and acceptable levels of radiation exposure were raised tenfold to some 100,000 cpm. Readings exceeded this level for a total of 102 residents — a figure, moreover, that represented only those cases that were recorded.
According to the NRA’s proposed measures for dealing with nuclear power disasters, the radiation exposure level at which decontamination is to take place is set at above 40,000 cpm for screenings conducted within one month following a nuclear accident.
“For residents, the objective is evacuation — and speed is top priority,” comments Shinichi Araki, who heads the department of nuclear emergency response and radioactive material protection at the NRA’s secretariat office. “Here, we are applying the lessons learned from the experience of evacuations following the nuclear accident in Fukushima.”
A manual was additionally compiled outlining guidelines for conducting examinations of residents leaving specific areas following exposure to radiation. Hair and shoes are identified in the manual as areas where such exposure generally occurs, and it is explained that if a water source is available, hair should be washed — and clothing should additionally be changed — in order to help bring radiation levels down. If subsequent testing reveals a figure below 40,000 cpm, the guidelines continue, the individual can then proceed to evacuate.
In cases whereby residents evacuate knowing that they have already been exposed to radiation, however, alleviating their concerns is difficult.
“I hope that trainings can be conducted in order to avoid the type of chaos that we saw following the Fukushima nuclear accident,” comments Araki. “The next step we must take is to allay the fears that exist among residents who have faced radiation exposure.”
Nagasaki Prefecture, where radiation exposure has been experienced from the atomic bombing, has been rapidly implementing measures for dealing with potential nuclear power accidents — with four of its cities lying within a 30-kilometer radius of the Kyushu Electric Power Company’s Genkai Nuclear Power Plant.
The prefecture revised its regional disaster prevention plan in June 2012, prior to the national government announcing its future disaster policy guidelines. Provisions were made within the prefectural supplementary budget for radiation-blocking stable iodine tablets, and revisions were made to its emergency radiation exposure medical manual the following year in 2013, including efforts such as increasing the number of medical facilities specializing in early-stage radiation exposure from two to at least three.
Still, however, Ebine comments, “Radiation prevention measures are lagging behind.” The number of medical team specialists remains insufficient, and plans are not in place for evacuations at social welfare facilities or other establishments of a similar nature.
“If there were to be an accident at the Genkai Nuclear Power Plant that resulted in residents being exposed to more than 40,000 cpm of radiation, it would not be enough to do as the government advises — which is to simply undertake decontamination until the figure falls below the target level,” Ebine adds. “It is preferable to continue decontaminating until the lowest possible radiation exposure levels are reached — but no (government) standards are in place in terms of the purpose and methods in this regard.”
The medical manual for radiation exposure that was put together by Nagasaki Prefecture includes information regarding concrete methods for decontamination, such as using moist towelettes to wipe away radioactive substances.
“Nagasaki Prefecture has experience with the eruption of the Fugen-dake peak of the Unzen volcano, and we also sent our employees to Fukushima Prefecture following the nuclear accident there,” notes Shinichi Yoshida, director of the prefecture’s crisis management department. “In addition, we have a framework in place based upon research conducted at Nagasaki University with respect to our history with the atomic bombing.”
“Following the Fukushima nuclear disaster, decontamination had to be undertaken with no available water source — and nobody there knew what was going on,” Yoshida added. “We must be ready for any possible contingency — and we have no choice but to make efforts to educate as many residents as possible about the realities of radiation.”
Source: Mainichi
http://mainichi.jp/english/english/newsselect/news/20150621p2a00m0na010000c.html
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