Forty years after Chornobyl, more nuclear disasters are inevitable — plan for them
Civil nuclear technology comes with unlikely but dangerous risks that shouldn’t be overlooked.
Nature 21st April 2026, https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-01255-8
A test of reactor 4 at the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant in Ukraine went awry, setting one such event into motion. A cascade of calamities led to the worst nuclear meltdown in history. I still remember the spotty accounts of the disaster on the nightly news, and my mother on tenterhooks, frantically calling our family in Finland as the world watched a radioactive cloud creep northward. The nuclear-power nightmare that so many feared had manifested.
The literal and figurative fall-out from Chornobyl was unprecedented. Thousands of people were displaced, many developed cancers, and farmland and water sources were contaminated far beyond Ukraine’s borders. Areas around the plant remain uninhabitable to this day.Alexandra Bell
Almost 25 years after Chornobyl, another low-probability, high-impact nuclear catastrophe unfolded at the Fukushima Daiichi Power Plant in Japan, when an earthquake-induced tsunami led to the destruction of all the reactors on site. Beyond the horrific human costs and the environmental damage, which is ongoing, estimates of the total clean-up costs are nearing a trillion dollars.
The two incidents soured the public perception of nuclear power. But time goes on, memories fade and technologies advance. With rising energy demands, exacerbated by the development of artificial-intelligence tools by tech companies in Silicon Valley and elsewhere and supply disruptions amid conflicts in the Middle East, the world is at the dawn of a much-vaunted nuclear-energy renaissance.
Many think that civil nuclear technology is key to helping humanity manage and mitigate the effects of climate change — at least until the costs of renewable energy technologies come down and their efficiencies improve. Still, as the world hurries to build a new generation of nuclear reactors, the Chornobyl disaster casts a long shadow, and rightly so.
To avoid future calamities, the public must pressure policymakers to maintain rigorous standards required for building, operating and maintaining nuclear facilities worldwide.
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