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Indonesia’s nuclear energy push pits growth against safety concerns

SCMP, Resty Woro Yuniar, 1 Dec 2024

In a move that could reshape Indonesia’s energy landscape, President Prabowo Subianto is advocating for nuclear power as a solution to the country’s growing energy demands. While supporters hail the initiative as a transformative step for Southeast Asia’s largest economy, critics sound alarms about radioactive waste and high costs.

Prabowo’s brother and top adviser, Hashim Djojohadikusumo, outlined the administration’s ambitious goal during Cop29 in Baku on November 19: to add over 100 gigawatts of power in the next 15 years, with at least 75 per cent sourced from renewable and [?]clean energy, including nuclear. The country aims for net zero emissions by 2060………

Hashim had previously said that the government plans to build two nuclear plants with varying capacities, including a larger facility in western Indonesia capable of producing up to 2GW. The country currently operates two nuclear reactors, primarily for research purposes.

“What needs to be looked for is the safest place [for the plants], one that is earthquake-resistant. Don’t build it in areas where there is a high risk of earthquakes, there could be an accident,” Hashim said on November 12.

…………………………………………………………….. ‘Fake solutions’

While proponents argue nuclear power is a reliable source of clean energy, many environmentalists and concerned Indonesians have opposed plans to build nuclear plants in the past, typically citing safety or security concerns and recalling disasters like Chernobyl and Fukushima.

“We are actually bucking the global trend. Developed countries like Germany have abandoned their nuclear power plants two years ago, and now we are planning to build one,” said Hadi Priyanto, a climate and renewable energy activist.

“At Cop28 last year, we called for the government to triple our use of renewable energy, and we made the same call this year. Instead of doing that, the government was peddling nuclear power and other fake [energy transition] solutions.”

He raised concerns about the government’s budget for managing radioactive waste, questioning whether Indonesia has the financial capacity to handle such challenges.

“If it is not managed properly … it will pollute water and soil. In the Fukushima case, they stored hundreds of thousands of tonnes of its radioactive waste for 13-15 years, and they only released it last year. Do we have the financial strength to manage waste like that?” he said.

Deon Arinaldo, an energy transition programme manager at Jakarta-based Institute for Essential Services Reform, said that while nuclear was a “reliable” energy source, construction of nuclear plants would be “problematic” as it would be expensive and time-consuming.

“What is very unfortunate is that Indonesia has high renewable energy potential, from the data of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources there is more than 3,600GW of renewable energy potential, especially solar and wind, which can be deployed at a cheaper price and [produced] faster, so that it can support economic growth,” Deon said.

Both Hadi and Deon argued that nuclear plants would also make Indonesia dependent on foreign energy providers, as the country currently lacks the technology to build and operate the plants – or enrich uranium, a key nuclear fuel…………….. https://www.scmp.com/week-asia/economics/article/3288703/indonesias-nuclear-energy-push-pits-growth-against-safety-concerns

December 3, 2024 - Posted by Christina Macpherson | Indonesia, safety